Wren's plans feature in a new exhibition, Creation from Catastrophe, at the .css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link{color:#3F3F42;}.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited{color:#696969;}.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited{font-weight:bolder;border-bottom:1px solid #BABABA;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link:hover,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited:hover,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link:focus,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited:focus{border-bottom-color:currentcolor;border-bottom-width:2px;color:#B80000;}@supports (text-underline-offset:0.25em){.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline #BABABA;text-decoration:underline #BABABA;-webkit-text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-thickness:1px;-webkit-text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;}.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link:hover,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited:hover,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:link:focus,.css-yidnqd-InlineLink:visited:focus{-webkit-text-decoration-color:currentcolor;text-decoration-color:currentcolor;-webkit-text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-thickness:2px;color:#B80000;}}Royal Institute of British Architects. "These ideas can be embraced in other parts of the world. So much about commerce and opportunity.". "There's no doubt that the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 played a big part in putting the Midwest US city on the world stage," says Jes Fernie. Stories. How the Great Fire started, spread and was fought. By the time King Charles II fled the city in July, the plague was killing about a thousand people a week. Most of the medieval City of London was swept away by the Great Fire. London. One example looks at Makoko floating school in a poor area of Lagos, Nigeria - where many people live on stilt structures above water. Before the fire began, there had been a drought in London that lasted for 10 months, so the city was very dry. Yes, London has more than its fair share of cocktail bars, but losing Dirty Martini would be tragic. One of London’s most iconic buildings, the cathedral famously had to be completely rebuilt after it was gutted by the Great Fire. latest news, feel-good stories, analysis and more, BA investigates hostess ‘selling sex between flights and on board experiences’, Boris Johnson says three tier system could last for just nine weeks, Driver arrested after collision leaves woman dead and man fighting for life, Woman found dead in woodlands on London’s Hampstead Heath, Queen’s Christmas bubble revealed with ‘ingenious plan’ for Boxing Day. The Great Fire of London started on the 2nd September 1666. Created by NLE Architects, it is half-building, half-boat. The Great Plague was London’s last major outbreak of the plague, a bacterial infection caused by Yersinia pestis. Asked by Wiki User. The second part of the Riba exhibition - Creation from Catastrophe - looks at how current communities under threat can adapt to be ready for future challenges. It’s an intriguing question — and like any “What if?” riddle about history, it may not be easy to answer. Read about our approach to external linking. Great Fire of London, (September 2–5, 1666), the worst fire in London’s history. Great Fire: The Grid System for London That Never Happened As we mark the 350th year of the Great Fire of London, BBC Magazine looks back at the ambitious plans that were submitted for the reconstruction of London, Portugal and Chicago after they were destroyed in large scale disasters. As well as losing a piece of Potter folklore, the hustle and bustle of Leadenhall and its beautiful design would be lost in another Great Fire. He travelled widely, particularly in Italy and France, and he wanted London to be rebuilt according to an Italian-style radial plan - with piazzas and broad avenues. Fireproof metal frames for Chicago's new buildings helped lead to the first skyscrapers. © 2020 BBC. The Bank of England, the home of finance in Britain, was founded 28 years after the fire, in 1694. Get your need-to-know But, in comparison to today’s bustling metropolis that nearly nine million people call home, London was very different in 1666, with a population of 500,000. Rumble — On September 2, 1666, 80% of medieval London burned to the ground in the largest fire in the city's history. The Great Fire of London was a huge urban fire that started in the early hours of the morning of Sunday 2nd September 1666, and by Tueday 4th it had destroyed 13,200 houses, 87 churches, and a huge number of civil and ecclesiastical landmarks. "We are looking at the opportunities which terrible disasters have offered architects to rebuild cities around the world," says curator Jes Fernie. What Happened After The Great Fire Of London In 1666 - YouTube The view below dates from 1560, with the city stretching from the Tower of London, in the east, to Fleet Street and The Strand in the west. image copyright Getty Images Top Answer. 85 86 87. Close. 25% – the proportion of London’s citizens who never returned after the fire, according to a census taken seven years later, in 1673. "Lisbon also became one of the first cities to seismically test its buildings," says Fernie - albeit in a rudimentary fashion. It can be extended over and over again - it's a perfect grid plan," says curator Jes Fernie. Other iconic structures are just outside the reach of the flames. The area along the shore of Lake Michigan was one of Burnham's visions which did become reality. His grid system would have been made up of broadly similar-sized blocks - a pattern subsequently used in other cities, such as Paris and Liverpool. Officially, the city recorded 68,596 deaths from the Great Plague, and the true death toll … Posted by. Here's what happened. "It was saying 'we are rational, sturdy, stable and visionary'.". Article. Of course, that is extremely unlikely – with advances in technology and more structurally sound buildings, and actually having a fire brigade meaning it would not spread to the extent it did 350 years ago. Sir John Evelyn - today best known for the diaries he wrote - held prominent public positions under Charles II. If the Great Fire happened again, it would be gone. The Bank of England, the home of finance in Britain, was founded 28 years after the fire, in 1694. 3 weeks – the period of time that Bills of Mortality (the record of deaths in London) went unpublished, due to the printing press used to create them being burnt when Parish Clerk’s Hall succumbed to the flames. It was a formal street system that referenced his studies of Paris and Rome. On Sunday, September 2, 1666, the fire began accidentally It would be a lucky escape for 30 St Mary Axe (‘The Gherkin’), The Leadenhall Building (‘The Cheesegrater’), 20 Fenchurch Street (‘The Walkie-Talkie’) – though they would probably be a bit smoke damaged. Listener Kevin Borgia asked us: “ What would the city look like if the Great Chicago Fire hadn’t happened?”. Something of a rarity in that is an independently owned pub in London, The Bell is a great hotspot. It was built as a house for Lord Mayors without their own livery halls. His ambitious vision for a new London was submitted to King Charles II a little more than a week after the blaze was put out. The idea for Mansion House to be built came as a result of the Great Fire of 1666 and it marks the centre of the City of London. Would the Loop be a livable neighborhood? The inset shows Hooke's radical vision. It destroyed a large part of the City of London, including most of the civic buildings, old St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. "This isn't just about looking at Africa and thinking that's what they can do there," she concludes. Alongside its massive expansion over the last three and a half centuries, the city has also changed beyond recognition. There would be four large market squares, with churches (marked "c" on the plan) every few blocks. Scroll down to see what London could have looked like - and how other places have been transformed after tragedy. ", "He was very much looking to Paris - there were boulevards and grand avenues - to give the impression of civilised life.". ", "We need to be thinking about the different ways that architecture will have to work with nature in the future.". Then it burned down again in 1838 before being rebuilt to the structure we know today. The home of the capital’s finance until 2004, the old stock exchange building remains a formidable presence in the city. The 1666 fire - which began in a bakery in Pudding Lane - raged for four days, and destroyed most of the medieval parts of the city. "It was very quick. Not only that, but it would mess up a lot of people’s travel plans by wrecking six tube stations – St Paul’s, Bank, Monument, Blackfriars, Mansion House and Cannon Street. In very simple terms, the speculators in US Stocks didn't believe the prices were sustainable and attempts to pull out became a full fledged panic. London's buildings were, in the main, rebuilt on their original plots - but using brick and stone instead of timber. This next plan is attributed to philosopher and surveyor Robert Hooke - but the authorship cannot be 100% verified. Oct 8 1871. The ancient Roman baths is right on the edge of where the fire hit – and, being underground, it could escape damage if it happened again. The blaze, at the end of a long dry summer, paved the way for huge city expansion and the development of a new architectural style - the Chicago School. "A series of public squares, and in the middle of each one a church and churchyard. The next image shows the extent of the 1871 blaze - and an early high rise building in downtown Chicago, designed by Daniel Burnham's firm. It was designed by Sir Christopher Wren and housed his masons who were rebuilding St Bride’s Church after the devastating blaze. But, as with the other four proposals above, most of Wren's ideas did not become reality - mainly due to lack of money and complex land ownership issues. He had Knight arrested for suggesting that the king might benefit financially from such a calamity. What would London be like if the great fire never happened? The fire. On the other hand, there were … The neighbours tried to help douse the fire; after an hour, the parish constables arrived and judged that the adjoining houses had better be demolished to prevent further spread. A fire broke out at Thomas Farriner's bakery in Pudding Lane a little after midnight on Sunday 2 September. Houses were also built very close together. So what would be destroyed if history repeated itself and the Great Fire happened again today? The Victorian market was where the Diagon Alley scenes in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone were filmed. The outbreak began in the late winter or early spring of 1665. The family was trapped upstairs but managed to climb from an upstairs window to the house next door, except for a maidservant who was too frightened to try, who became the first victim. Daniel Burnham was the shrewd PR man, architect and master planner commissioned by the authorities to reconfigure the city. 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